The Sunnah of Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) before Jummah was to pray 4 sunnah ghair muakkadah. Next would be 2 fardh (prayed in congregation), followed by 4 Sunnah muakkadah, 2 Sunnah muakkadah, and then 2 nafl. In total there would be 14 rakats for Friday prayer.
Hadith on Jummah Rakats
Abu Hurairah narrated that: Allah’s Messenger (ﷺ) said: “Whoever among you is to pray after the Friday prayer, then let him pray four.” (At-Tirmidhi 523)
Narrated Abd Allah b. Shaqiq: I asked A’ishah about the voluntary prayers offered by the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ). She replied: Before the noon prayer he would pray four rak’ahs in my house, then go out and lead the people in prayer, then return to my house and pray two rak’ahs. (Sunan Abi Dawud 1251)
Abdullah b. ‘Umar, while describing the Nafl prayer of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), said: He did not observe (Nafl) prayer after Jumu’a till he went back and observed two rak’ahs in his house. Yahya said: I guess that I uttered these words (before Imam Malik) that he of course observed (them). (Sahih Muslim 882 b)
From the combination of these hadiths, we can see where the four rak’at before Jummah prayer comes from, the 4+2 Sunnah mu’akkadah after prayer, and then the 2 Nafl. If any of us had made an unintentional mistake, may Allah forgive us. (Ameen)
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